Process of manufacturing a sharps container, and a method of storing sharps in a container

ABSTRACT

A process of manufacturing a sharps container and a method of storing needles are disclosed. The sharps container utilizes a blocking member which does not interfere with a needle being inserted into the sharps container, and a latch mechanism which does not require a protruding tab. The latch mechanism requires at least a dual action to open the sharps container, and limits the movement required for opening the sharps container.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a divisional of U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 10/986,820, entitled “A Sharps Container,” filed Nov. 15, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,522,974, the entire content of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to safety devices, and in particular to a sharps container for cutting and storing hypodermic needles from syringes and pen needles. The invention also relates to a method for storing the needles and to a process of manufacturing the sharps container.

Discussion of the Background

After a hypodermic needle has been used for an injection, it is desirable to remove and store the hypodermic needle in a safe container.

A sharps container which is known in the art comprises an inner box member and an outer housing member. The box and the housing each have an aperture which is dimensioned to receive the hypodermic needle. The box and the housing are hingedly connected to each other so that in an open position the apertures of the box and the housing overlap and the needle may be inserted through both of the apertures to project into the box. After the needle has been inserted into the apertures, the box and the housing are moved with respect to each other, for example in a scissor motion, so that the needle is clipped. After being clipped, the needle drops into the box for storage and subsequent disposal.

The box maybe urged into the open position by spring action, and retained in a closed position by latching the housing with the box. When the container is in the closed position, the apertures of the box and the housing do not overlap, and therefore, the sharps cannot escape the box. However, when the latch is released, the box and the housing move into the open position with respect to each other so that the aperture of the box coincide with aperture of the housing, and therefore, there may exist a situation where a needle is liable to escape from the box through the apertures. An example of such a circumstance is when the openings are positioned such that the force of gravity forces the needle toward the openings and possibly through the openings.

A known solution to the problem of keeping needles from falling out of the box when in the open position is to include a blocking member in the interior of the box. The blocking member includes a ball movable between a blocking position, where the ball blocks the apertures of the box, and an unblocking position, where the ball does not block the aperture of the box. In particular, the ball is movable within the internal housing from the blocking position to the unblocking position, such that the ball is retained in the blocking position. When a needle is inserted into the opening of the box, the ball is forced away from the opening by the action of the inserted needle. After the needle has been broken off and subsequently falls into the box, the ball is returned to the blocking position.

That is, in the known devices, the metal ball was designed to normally block the needle aperture, and to move away from the aperture only when a needle inserted into the aperture moves the ball bearing out of the way. After the needle has been broken off (i.e., clipped and falls into the box), the ball rolls back in front of the needle aperture.

A drawback of such a blocking arrangement is that in many cases the needles do not fall freely into the box after being clipped, but become wedged against the ball, hampering its motion. This renders the device unusable because additional needles cannot be inserted due to the jam.

Another drawback of the known blocking mechanism is that it is not well-suited for short needles because the needles need to be a certain minimum length to push the ball completely out of the way. That is, when a short needle is inserted through both apertures, the ball does not get pushed completely out of the way, and after being clipped, the needle is not allowed to fall into the box, instead becoming wedged against the ball and jamming the aperture of the box.

As described above, the box and the housing are retained in the closed position by latching the box with the housing so that in the closed position the apertures of the box and the housing do not overlap, thereby effectively blocking the opening of the box and preventing the needles from falling out. However, several drawbacks have been observed with known mechanisms for latching the box and the housing. For example, known latch mechanisms include a tab which protrudes from the device and has been known to easily break off, thereby rendering the device unusable.

Another example of known latching mechanisms employs a single tab to retain the box and the housing in a hinged positioned. A drawback of such an arrangement is that the device is prone to inadvertent activation (i.e., inadvertent opening). Yet another drawback of the known latch mechanisms is that the tab is designed to be moved freely whereby the permitted excessive movement of the tab (beyond the range of movement required for unlatching the box and the hosing) facilitates breakage of the tab during the normal operation of the device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention addresses the above-noted drawback of the known sharps containers by providing a sharps container, a process of manufacturing thereof, and a method of storing needles, where a blocking member does not interfere with a needle being inserted into the sharps container, where a latch mechanism does not require a protruding tab, where a latch mechanism requires at least a dual action to open the sharps container, and where a latch mechanism limits the movement required for opening the sharps container.

An embodiment of the invention provides a sharps container comprising a space which accommodates at least one needle therein and an opening dimensioned to receive at least one needle therethrough, to be accommodated in the space. The sharps container includes a blocking member which blocks the opening when the opening is positioned so that at least one needle accommodated in the space is urged towards the opening, and otherwise, does not block the opening.

Another embodiment of the invention provides a process of manufacturing a sharps container which comprises forming an enclosed space for accommodating at least one needle therein, the enclosed space having an opening. In particular, the process provides forming a blocking member which blocks the opening when the opening is positioned so that at least one needle accommodated in the space is urged toward the opening, and otherwise, does not block the opening.

Yet another embodiment of the invention provides a method of storing at least one needle in a container by placing the needle through an opening in the container and blocking the opening only when the opening is positioned so that at least one needle accommodated in the space inside the container is urged toward the opening, and otherwise, not blocking the opening.

A further embodiment of the invention provides a sharps container, and a process of manufacturing thereof, which has an internal housing for accommodating at least one needle therein, and an opening, dimensioned to receive at least one needle therethrough to be accommodated in the housing. The sharps container has an external housing, which functions as a breaking member, comprising an engaging mechanism and another opening dimensioned to receive the at least one needle therethrough. When the sharps container is in an open position, the openings of the interior and external housings overlap allowing a needle to be inserted through both opening into the internal housing. When the sharps container is urged into a closed position, a force is applied to the needle by the movement of the breaking member (i.e., the external housing) and the internal housing relative to each other which reduces the area of overlap of the opening, whereby the needle is broken off when in a closed position. The engaging mechanism comprises at least two engaging members securing the internal housing and the external housing when in the closed position, so that the open position is achieved by manipulating both of the engaging members.

A still further embodiment of the invention provides a method for storing needles in a sharps container, which requires a step of performing at least a dual action to produce an open position of the sharps container. A non-limiting example of such a method includes producing the open position by simultaneously manipulating at least two engaging members which secure the sharps container in a closed position.

A still further embodiment of the invention provides a sharps container, and a process of manufacturing thereof, where the contour of the exterior surface of the engaging mechanism is essentially parallel to a contour of an exterior surface of the internal housing when in the closed position. Thus, protrusions which may break off or cause inadvertent opening (as in known devices) are avoided.

A still further embodiment of the invention provides a sharps container having an internal housing for storing needles and an engaging member for maintaining the sharps container in a closed positions, and a process of manufacturing thereof. In particular, the engaging member comprises at least one lever constructed such that manipulation of the engaging member to facilitate an open position comprises urging a lever of the engaging member toward the internal housing, so that the manipulation of the engaging member is limited by, for example, a distance between the interior surface of the engaging member and an exterior surface of the internal housing.

The above-noted solutions maybe implemented together, or in any desired combination, in a sharps container, in a process of manufacturing thereof, and in a method for storing needles, according to the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other objects and novel features of the invention will be more readily appreciated from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which

FIG. 1 is an overhead view of a sharps container according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a sharps container in a closed position according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a sharps container in an open position according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is an illustration of a needle-storage (interior) housing of a sharps container according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 5a-5f illustrate in detail a needle-storage (interior) housing of a sharps container according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 5b is a sectional view along line I-I of FIG. 5a , FIG. 5e is a sectional view of FIG. 5C along line II-II, and FIG. 5f is a sectional view of FIG. 5c along line III-III.

FIG. 6 is an illustration of a base (i.e., external housing which may serve as a breaking member) of a sharps container according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIGS. 7a-7f illustrate a manufacturing process of a sharps container according to an embodiment of the invention.

Throughout the drawings, like reference characters refer to like structures.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Referring to FIGS. 1-4, a sharps container 1 comprises an internal housing (e.g., a box member) 2 which is pivotally mounted in an external housing (e.g., a breaking member) 3. The external housing 3 is provided with an external cutter 4 comprising a bent sheet of metal with an aperture 5 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Internal housing 2 is provided with an internal cutter 6, comprising a metal disc with an internal aperture 7 (see FIGS. 3 and 4). When container 1 is in an open position, as illustrated in FIG. 3, apertures 5 and 7 overlap so as to permit insertion of a hypodermic needle, point first, into the box member 2. Container 1 is biased in the open position by, for example, a leaf spring 11 (shown in FIGS. 7c and 7d described below) formed from hardened spring steel. Container 1 can be moved into a closed position by pushing internal housing 2 into external housing 3 until tabs 8 engage with tabs 9 to retain the container in the closed position. A user can return container 1 to the open position by simultaneously pushing together, as shown, for example, in FIG. 6 (see arrows 11), levers 10 which have tabs 9 thereon to release the internal housing 2.

The internal housing 2 and external housing 3 are formed from, for example, 20% glass fiber filled polycarbonate. The external cutter 4 is formed from, for example, CS70 hardened and tempered steel, and the internal cutter 6 is formed from, for example, CS2 case hardened steel. Other non-limiting examples of materials which may be used for the external and internal cutters include, inter alia, 440A hardened stainless steel and/or PH17-7 precipitation hardened stainless steel.

As shown in FIG. 4, the internal housing 2 comprises a base part 41 and a box part 42. The box part 42, which is, for example, ultrasonically welded to the base part 41, has a recess 43 in which an internal cutter is fit once the box part 42 and base part 41 are ultrasonically welded. An internal aperture 44 at the center of the recess 43 provides access for a needle to the inside of the internal housing 2. The box part 42 is provided with a molded groove 45 which snap-fits with the external housing 3 (see FIGS. 7c and 7d ) to enable the assembled internal housing 2 to be pivotally mounted on the external housing 3.

Referring to FIGS. 5a-5f , the inside 51 of the box part 42 is hollow for receiving and storing hypodermic needles (see FIGS. 5e and 5f ). As shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b , base part 41 of internal housing 2 includes retaining walls 52 and 53 (see also FIG. 4) molded to internal surface 54 of the base part 41. The retaining walls 52 and 53 are constructed to retain a ball bearing 55 when the internal housing 2 is assembled by, for example, ultrasonic welding of the base part 41 to the box part 42. FIGS. 4 and 5 a show a straight retaining wall 53 and a curved retaining wall 52. Retaining wall 52 is a single curved wall curved to retain the ball bearing 55; however, the single curved wall structure may be replaced by, for example, multiple retaining walls arranged with respect to each other to facilitate retention of ball bearing 55.

The base part 41 further comprises a ramp 56 molded to internal surface 54 of the base part 41 between the retaining walls 52 and 53. Ramp 56 has a downward slope towards the surface 54 in a direction away from the internal aperture 44. The design of ramp 56 facilitates ball bearing 55 blocking aperture 44 when container 1 is tilted in such a way that the needle apertures are at the lowest point of container 1.

The box part 42 comprises a rib 57 molded to its internal surface 58. Rib 57 is positioned such that when the internal housing 2 is assembled by, for example, ultrasonic welding of the base part 41 to the box part 42, rib 57 prevents ball bearing 55 from falling out of a guide channel formed by the retaining walls 52 and 53 (see FIGS. 5e and 5f ). That is, when the base part 41 is welded to the box part 42, base part 41 and box part 42 cooperate to cage the ball bearing 55 (as shown, for example, in FIG. 5f ).

As discussed above, a sharps contained 1 includes an internal housing 2 pivotally connected to an external housing 3. A shown in FIG. 6, the external housing 3 is provided with a pivot structure 61 for engagement with the groove 45 on the internal housing 2, and a retention structure 67 to retain a leaf spring 11.

External housing 3 comprises a transverse flex latch mechanism which allows one to easily open or close a sharps container. That is, as described above, the sharps container 1 has a stationary housing component (e.g., external member 3), which may be referred to as a base, and a needle storage component (e.g., internal member 2), which may be referred to as a lever, which is hinged to the base. The lever is permitted to move within a certain range of motion (see, for example, FIGS. 7e and 7f ). Spring 11 is fixed to the base (3) and makes contact with the lever (2), thus urging it to one extreme of this range of motion. The transverse flex latch enables the user of the sharps container 1 to easily set the lever from one extreme to the other extreme. It accomplishes this by using two latch cams (e.g., tabs 8) on the lever and two latch cams (e.g., tabs 9) on the base. The two latch cams on the lever are a set distance apart. The two latch cams on the base are placed on flexible structures (e.g., levers 10), such that the distance between them may vary. As shown, for example, in FIGS. 7e and 7f , the two latch cam pairs (e.g., tabs 8 and 9, respectively) are arranged geometrically such that the latch cams on the base can interfere with the latch cams on the lever. In this mode, the latch cams on the base hold the lever in the closed position, against the spring which is urging the lever towards the open position. Squeezing the designated area on the device (see, for example, FIG. 6, arrows 12) causes the distance between the base latch cams to decrease and no longer be held back by the lever latch cams, which are a fixed distance apart. To close the device, the lever latch cams are forced past the base latch cams by means of angled surfaces (see, for example, surface 71 of tabs 8, as shown in FIG. 7a ) which force the base latch cams together, allowing the lever latch cams to pass. Once they are clear, the base latch cams spring apart and constrain the movement of the lever (see, for example, FIG. 7f ).

As shown, for example, in FIG. 1, the contour of exterior surface 101 of external housing 3 is essentially parallel to the contour of the exterior surface 100 of the internal housing 2. That is, in contrast to previous devices, the transverse latch mechanism avoids having any protruding members (tabs or otherwise) on the exterior surface 101 of the external housing 3, even in the area of the latching mechanism. The latch cams which comprise tabs 8 and 9 are safely hidden away between the exterior surface 100 of the internal housing 2 and interior surface 102 of the external housing 3.

Furthermore, the movement of levers 10 to facilitate the opening of sharps container 1 is limited by the distance between the exterior surface 100 of the internal housing 2 and interior surface 102 of the external housing 3 (see, for example, FIG. 1, distance d).

Referring to FIGS. 7a-7d , a process of manufacturing a sharps container according the invention comprises the following steps:

-   -   1. As shown in FIG. 7a , forming (preferably by injection         molding) a base part 41 and a box part 42, where the base part         42 includes ball bearing retaining structure comprising walls 52         and 53 and a ramp 56, and the base part includes rib 57 (see         FIG. 5e ), and attaching base part 41 and box part 42         (preferably by ultrasonic welding) with ball bearing 55 placed         in the retaining structure to complete the internal housing 2.     -   2. As shown in FIG. 7b , forming (preferably by injection         molding) an external housing 3 comprising transverse latch         mechanism structure (comprising levers 10 and tabs 9) and an         opening 700 (for receiving an external cutter 4 comprising a         bent sheet of metal with an aperture 5), and securing the         external cutter 4 in the opening 700.     -   3. As shown in FIG. 7c , securing an internal cutter 6 in recess         43 of internal housing 2 making sure that openings 7 and 44 are         aligned, and securing spring mechanism 11 to external housing 3.     -   4. As shown in FIG. 7d , hingedly attaching external housing 3         and internal housing 2.

Referring to FIGS. 7e and 7f , during normal operation the natural position of the container 1 is such that, when a hypodermic needle (not shown) is pushed through the external aperture 5 and the internal aperture 7 when the container 1 is in the open position, the needle protrudes fully into the inside of the box part 42 of the internal housing 2 (FIG. 7e ), and the ball bearing 55 is in an unblocking position due to the geometry of the ramp 56. When container 1 is urged into the closed position (FIG. 7f ), the movement of the container 1 to the closed position cuts the needle (not shown) pushed through the external aperture 5 and the internal aperture 7 with a scissor movement and the needle drops into the box part 42 of the internal housing 2.

Due to the structure of the ball bearing guiding members including retaining walls 52, 53, ramp 56 and rib 57, only when the container 1 is held with apertures 5 and 7 nearest the ground, the ball bearing 55 rests over the internal opening 44, preventing egress of needles; otherwise, ball bearing 55 does not block opening 44.

While detailed descriptions of certain embodiments of the invention have been set forth above, a skilled artisan would readily appreciate that numerous additional modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in the light of the above teachings without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, internal housing 2 may further comprise a magnet which would facilitate retention of the needles within the box part 42, without adversely affecting the operation of the blocking mechanism which may include a ball bearing made of non-magnetic material (e.g., a ceramic). Thus, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is set forth below in the appended claims and equivalents thereof. 

I claim:
 1. A method of storing at least one needle comprising: placing a needle into a container through an opening in the container, the container comprising a space which accommodates at least one needle therein; accommodating the needle in the space; blocking the opening by a freely movable body disposed in the container and urged into a first position when positioning the container so that at least one needle accommodated in the space is urged towards the opening; and unblocking the opening by the freely movable body disposed in the container and urged into a second position providing unrestricted access of the opening whenever positioning the container so that at least one needle accommodated in the space is not urged towards the opening, wherein the freely movable body comprises a ball, the space comprises an internal housing comprising: a first interior surface defining a horizontal plane, a side wall defining a vertical plane, the side wall comprising the opening which provides access for the at least one needle to the internal housing, a central axis of said opening defining a second vertical plane perpendicular to the first vertical plane, and a guide rail positioned at a non-zero angle to the horizontal plane, the first vertical plane, and the second vertical plane, the guide rail having a sloped surface facing the ball, the sloped surface being sloped towards the first interior surface in a direction away from the opening, the blocking of the opening comprises urging the ball, which is positioned within the internal housing on the guide rail, toward the opening, and the unblocking of the opening comprises urging the ball, which is positioned within the internal housing on the guide rail, away from the opening.
 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising applying a force to the needle received in the opening to break off at least a portion of the needle which has passed through the opening, the portion to be accommodated in the space.
 3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal housing comprises a first and a second retaining wall positioned on the first interior surface of the internal housing for accommodating the ball therebetween; and the blocking of the opening further comprises guiding the ball between a first position where the ball blocks the opening and a second position where the ball does not block the opening.
 4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the internal housing further comprises a third retaining wall positioned to accommodate the ball in the second position.
 5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the third retaining wall is curved.
 6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the third retaining wall is integrally formed with at least one of the first and the second retaining wall.
 7. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the internal housing further comprises a rib member positioned on a second interior surface of the internal housing opposite to the first interior surface, the rib member being positioned to facilitate retention of the ball between the first and the second retaining wall.
 8. A method of storing at least one needle in a sharps container, the sharps container comprising: an internal housing comprising a hollow interior, which accommodates at least one needle and a freely movable ball therein, a base defining a horizontal plane, and a sidewall defining a first vertical plane, the sidewall comprising an internal aperture dimensioned to receive at least one needle therethrough, a central axis of the internal aperture defining a second vertical plane perpendicular to the first vertical plane; a guide rail positioned at a non-zero angle to the horizontal plane, the first vertical plane and the second vertical plane, the guide rail having a sloped surface facing the ball, the sloped surface being sloped towards the internal surface in a direction away from the aperture, the ball blocking the aperture by moving on the guide rail toward the aperture, the ball unblocking the aperture by moving on the guide rail away from the aperture; and a breaking member comprising a latching mechanism and an aperture dimensioned to receive the at least one needle therethrough; wherein the internal housing and the breaking member are pivotally movable between an open position and a closed position, the aperture of the breaking member and the internal aperture overlap when in the open position to receive the at least one needle through the internal aperture and the aperture of the breaking member via an area of overlap between the internal aperture and the aperture of the breaking member, and the aperture of the breaking member and the internal aperture do not overlap in the closed position; wherein the latching mechanism comprises two lever latch cams securing the internal housing and the breaking member when in the closed position releasing the internal housing and the breaking member when in the open position; the method comprising: manipulating the two lever latch cams to facilitate the open position from the closed position; inserting a needle into the hollow interior through the internal aperture and the aperture of the breaking member via the area of overlap between the internal aperture and the aperture of the breaking member when in the open position; moving at least one of the breaking member and the internal housing relative to each other to reduce the area of overlap until the needle is broken off; and further moving at least one of the breaking member and the internal housing relative to each other until the breaking member and the internal housing are secured in the closed position by the latching mechanism. 